下肢肌肉力量分类及训练方法的综述

Review on Classification and Trainng Methods of Lower Body Muscles

下肢肌肉力量的大小不论是对运动员还是普通人群来说都是提高运动成绩和生活质量非常重要的评价手段。本文通过查阅大量文献资料并结合训练实践,整合近些年关于下肢肌肉力量分类及训练方法的中外文献,系统阐述了下肢肌肉力量的分类标准,主要包括最大力量、快速力量(起动力量、爆发力量、反应力量)和力量耐力。归纳总结了几种肌肉力量有关的训练方法,其中训练方法与负荷刺激结合对于提高运动员下肢肌肉力量具有重要作用。综述肌肉力量的分类和训练方法的研究成果,目的在于更好的为下一步制定训练计划提供有力的科学依据和方法,提高训练的科学性及训练质量。

Lower body strength is a key evaluation method in improving sport performance and living standards for both ordinary people and athletes. By reviewing numerous literature and combing with training practice,this paper integrates the literatures both domestic and foreign on classification and training methods of lower body strength in recent years,systematically illustrates the classification standard of lower body strength,which mainly includes max strength,speed strength（ start strength,power and reaction strength）. Then it concludes some related training methods,in which the combination of training methods and load stimulation is of great importance for lower body strength development. The aim of this review is to offer better scientific evidence and methods for later program design,and to promote scientific training as well as training quality.