贵州红枫湖水质时空变化特征研究

Temporal and spatial variation of water quality of Hongfeng lake in Guizhou province

选取云贵高原典型的人工亚深水型湖泊红枫湖为研究对象,通过为期10个月(2017年6月-2018年3月)、多点位(羊昌河、南湖中、后五、花鱼洞、大坝和北湖中共6点位)的月度分层采样监测与化学分析,阐明了水体中总磷、总氮和氨氮的时空分布特征。结果表明:红枫湖水体总磷浓度呈现出"上游高于下游、南湖高于北湖"的空间分布特征,水体总磷的季节变化趋势为丰水期>平水期>枯水期,其垂直分布整体呈现出底层>中层>表层的规律。水体中总氮的季节变化趋势为丰水期>平水期>枯水期,羊昌河和后五的总氮含量明显高于其他4个点位,氨氮含量都高于同时段水体中的平均含量。磷是红枫湖全湖水体富营养化的主要限制因子,研究结果为红枫湖水环境评价与保护提供了科学基础。

With the monthly stratified sampling monitoring and chemical analysis in nmhiple spots （Yangchanghe, Nanhuzhong, Houwu, Huayudong, Daba and Beihuzhong, in total six spots） for a period of 10 months from June 2017 to March 2018, this article illuminated the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the total phosphorus, the total nitrogen and ammonia-nitrogen in the water. The results indicated that： for the total phosphorus, its concentration in the Hongfeng lake presented spatial characteristics of that the upstream exceeded the downstream and the south over the north, with seasonal changes as flood season 〉 normal season 〉 drought period and the overall vertical distribution as bottom 〉 middle 〉 surface ; For the total nitrogen in the water, it has seasonal changes as flood season 〉 normal season 〉 drought period and its volume in Yangchanghe and Houwu are apparently higher than the other four spots; The ammonia-nitrogen content is higher than the average during the same period. Phosphorus is the primary limiting factor of water eutrophication in the Hongfeng lake, the research results provided a scientific basis for the environmental evaluation and protection of the Hongfeng lake.