“一带一路”框架下中国与中亚国家反极端主义合作

Anti-extremism Cooperation between China and Central Asian Countries under the Framework of the “Belt and Road” Initiative

宗教极端主义对"一带一路"影响巨大,不仅威胁海外中国公民和财产安全,破坏地区安全稳定形势,影响项目建设成本和进度,还刺激贩毒等其他犯罪行为。中亚地区的极端主义主要表现为宗教极端主义,形成原因主要有社会环境、个人心理需求、错误的宗教教义和大国博弈等因素。有些人未能系统学习宗教知识却希望在宗教中寻求精神寄托,被极端势力鼓吹的错误宗教教义迷惑,进而加入极端组织并从事带有政治目的极端行为。一些大国出于地缘博弈的目的,资助和培训极端分子,也成为极端势力屡禁不绝的背后推手之一。反对极端主义是中国与中亚国家的重要合作内容,现已具备一定的法律基础,已形成比较有效的区域安全合作理念与模式,并取得很多具体成果,有效地维护了地区稳定。当前和未来一段时间,双方宜在已有成果和经验教训基础上,综合考虑宗教、地缘与国际法基本原则等因素,继续完善上海合作组织等多边区域国际机制,加强国家宗教事务管理领域合作,利用宗教体系内部的自我管理和净化体系拨乱反正,同时防范个别大国炒作和利用宗教极端势力干扰地区稳定。

Religious extremism has exerted huge impacts on China's"Beltand Road"initiative in that it not only threatens the personal safety of the overseas Chinese and their property security,undermines regional stability and security,affects project cost and progress,but also catalyzes other criminal activities such as drug trafficking.In Central Asia,extremism is mainly manifested in terms of religious extremism that could be attributed to such factors as social environment,individual psychological needs,erroneous religious doctrines and great powers'game.Those who seek to draw sustenance from religious beliefs that have been wrongly interpreted by extremist forces are easy to get coaxed into joining extremist organizations and engage in politically-motivated extremist acts.Furthermore,some irresponsible great powers,on the consideration of geopolitical game,have scrambled to finance and train extremists and become one of the driving forces behind the rise of extremist groups.Anti-extremism work that has made many concrete achievements in the maintenance of regional stability is a key component of regional cooperation between China and the Central Asian countries,which has successfully created a legal basis for a set of cooperative concepts and modalities in regard to regional security governance.At present and in the foreseeable future,it is advisable for different parties to take advantage of the achievements and lessons,take into full consideration such factors as religion,geography and the basic principles of international law,continue to improve the regional multilateral organizations like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization,strengthen cooperation in the field of religious affairs management,exploit the self-management and self-correcting system within the religious system to make the wrong things right and bring order out of chaos.Meanwhile,proactive efforts should be made to guard against the irresponsible great powers that often take advantage of religious extremist forces to undermine regional stability.