茅苍术规模化组培快繁体系的建立

Establishment of Large-scale Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation System for Atractylodes lancea

为建立道地药材茅苍术规模化组培快繁生产技术体系,以茅苍术无菌苗为外植体,研究了茅苍术丛生芽增殖系数、生根率、平均生根数、移栽成活率等指标。结果表明:16种不同浓度激素组合(6-BA、NAA)增殖培养基最高增殖系数为15.0,并与其他组合差异显著(P<0.05,下同)。继代4~8代的茅苍术丛芽增殖系数互相间差异不显著,但显著高于前3代。培养基单独添加活性炭或NAA和同时添加活性炭和NAA相比对照都能显著促进生根,且3个处理的平均生根数差异不显著。通过全面组合试验,筛选出适合规模化生产茅苍术种苗的增殖培养基为:MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.15mg/L NAA,生根培养基为:1/2MS+0.5%活性炭。茅苍术可连续进行多代继代扩繁,增殖系数稳定。采用泥炭土∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1的基质移栽成活率达95%。

In order to establish a large-scale tissue culture and rapid propagation system for Atractylodes lancea（Thunb.）DC.,the author used the aseptic seedlings of A. lancea as explant materials,and studied the multiplication coefficient of tufty buds,rooting rate,average rooting number and transplanting survival rate of this medicinal plant. The results showed that the highest multiplication coefficient of tufty buds in 16 propagation culture media with different concentrations of combined hormones（6-BA,and NAA） was 15.0,which was significantly（P〈0.05,the same below） higher than that in the other hormone combination treatments. The multiplication coefficients of tufty buds in the 4 ～ 8 generations of subculture were not significantly different,but they were significantly higher than those in the 1 ～ 3 generations of subculture. The media supplemented with activated carbon（AC） or NAA or both two could significantly promote the rooting as compared with the control,while there was no significant difference in average root number among these three treatments. Through the complete combination tests,the screened propagation culture medium suitable for the large-scale production of A. lancea was MS＋ 1.0 mg/L 6-BA＋ 0.15 mg/L NAA,and the suitable rooting culture medium was 1/2 MS＋ 0.5% AC. A. lancea could be propagated through continuous generations of subculture,and its multiplication coefficient was stable. The survival rate of the transplanted seedlings reached 95% by using the substrate with peat soil,vermiculite and perlite（2 ∶ 1 ∶ 1,in volume）.