秋冬异常天气影响下柑橘生长的响应

Response of Citrus Growth to Abnormal Autumn and Winter Weather

受2015年10~12月秋冬季罕见连阴雨天气,以及2016年1月下旬强寒潮雨雪冰冻天气等多种不利气候因素叠加的影响,2016年江西省柑橘花量和挂果量明显偏少。实地调查及柑橘物候期观测结果表明:脐橙挂果量偏少表现最为明显,平均约3成的脐橙树无果,2~3成的脐橙挂果量比2015年减少70%~80%;南丰县坡地蜜橘园无花或少花果树占30%左右,平地(田地)蜜橘园无花或少花果树达45%以上,南丰蜜橘的少花少果现象重于温柑类;广丰马家柚无果空树达60%,正常挂果树不足10%。

Influenced by the unusual continuous rainy weather from October,2015 to December,2015,and the combination of various adverse weather factors,including strong cold wave,rain,snow and frozing weather in late January,2016,the flowering number and fruit-setting quantity of citrus in Jiangxi province in 2016 were obviously decreased. The results of field investigation and observation of citrus phenology showed that the fruit-setting quantity of navel orange was decreased most obviously,about30% navel orange trees were fruitless,and 20% ～ 30% navel orange trees had 70% ～ 80% lower fruit-setting quantity than that in2015. There were about 30% honey orange tress without flower or with less flowers in slope land of Nanfeng county,and there were more than 45% honey orange trees without flower or with less flowers in flat land（field） of this county. The phenomenon of less flowers and less fruits in Nanfeng mandarin was worse than that in satsuma. The fruitless empty trees of Guangfeng majia pomelo accounted for 60%,and the normal fruit-hanging trees accounted for less than 10%.