清末民初女工传习所探析

Study of Women Chuan Xi Suo in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic

清末民初,在西方职业教育观念的影响和国内实业救国思潮的推动下,民间兴起了兴办女学的浪潮。其中以女工传习所的发展、变化尤为突出,就种类而言,该时期的女工传习所可分为刺绣传习所、蚕桑传习所、编制传习所等诸多类别。作为近代女子职业教育的胚胎,女工传习所不仅提高了女性的生产和生存技能,缓解了部分女性在就业和生计等问题上存在的困境。而且在破除传统思想、观念对女性的身心禁锢上曾发挥过重要作用。尽管,该时期的女工传习所还有很多缺陷,但女工传习所的出现和推广客观上推动了近代女性职业教育的跨越式发展。

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China,with the influence of western vocational education concept and the trend of Chinese industry saving the nation,a new wave of female learning emerged in society.With different types of women＇s occupation educational institutions emerging,the development and change of women school were particularly prominent,and as for the category,women cuanxisuo can be divided into embroidery training,weaving training,the training for sericulture and many other categories. As the prototype of women＇s occupation education in modern times,women schools which were established in that period play an important role not only in breaking traditional thought that had imprisoned the mind and bodies of women before,but also in improving women＇s production and life skills,alleviating the problem of employment and livelihood of women. Although there were lot of defects,the emergence and popularization of women schools at that time objectively promote a leapfrog development in modern vocational education for women.