保险扶贫项目的评估框架及应用——基于两个调研案例的分析

An Assessment Framework for Insurance-based Poverty Alleviation Programs and Its Application: Based on An Analysis of Two Cases

合理评估各地保险扶贫项目对于提升保险扶贫质量和改善保险扶贫效果具有重要意义。本文构建了一个针对保险扶贫项目的评估框架,从核心目标、空间维度、时间维度、内部效应、外部效应等五个维度,对河北阜平农业保险扶贫项目和云南大理健康保险扶贫项目进行综合评估。研究发现,两个项目的总体表现良好,但也存在一些不足,主要反映在人群覆盖、持续经营和推广复制三个方面。研究认为,保险扶贫项目取得成功需要具备若干必要条件,包括地方政府具有风险意识和对保险的基本需求、保险机构能够有效提供满足地方需求的保险产品和服务、保险机构与地方政府的合作模式因地制宜且行之有效。针对当前中国保险扶贫实践面临的主要挑战,本文从中央政府、地方政府、保险监管、保险机构四个方面提出改革建议。

Appropriately evaluating an insurance-based poverty alleviation program is a critical step to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. We constructed an assessment framework to evaluate these programs from five dimen- sions：core objective, spatial dimension ,time dimension, internal effect and external effect. We applied this assess- ment framework to evaluate two insurance-based poverty alleviation programs：the agricultural insurance program in Fuping and the health insurance program in Dali. We found that these two programs were in general effective in poverty reduction but needed to improve in population coverage, sustainability and replicability. We summarized three necessary conditions for a successful insurance-based poverty alleviation program：the local government had the risk awareness and insurance needs;the insurance industry effectively supplied appropriate products and services; the cooperation between insurance industry and local government fitted well with the local circumstances. Based on our evaluation results ,we provided suggestions to central government, local government, insurance regulator and the insurance industry.