清代清水江下游乡村社会经济生活中的“股”研究——基于对带“股”字样契约文书的考察

Study on the “Strands” in Socioeconomic Life of the Rural Areas along the Lower study of the Qingshui River in the Qing Dynasty——Based on the Study of Folk Documents with “Strands”

目前所搜集出版的清水江民间文书中,大量带"股"字样的契约和合同文书出现于乡村社会经济生活中的不同领域。通过对大量带"股"字样的契约和合同文书观察发现,不同领域中的"股"的分配或交易,以具体化"股"或抽象化"股"施行。而山地经营领域和资本投资领域中的"股"则属"股"制度性安排,体现了"股"的交易的复杂性及多样性,具有鲜明的地域性特征。因此,"股"的内涵被重新定义,为我们重新理解和定义传统乡村产权制度提供新的认识和借鉴。

In the Qingshui River civil title documents collected and published at present, a large number of contracts and contract documents with the word ＂strands＂ appear in different areas of rural social and economic life. Through the observation of a large number of contracts and contract documents with the word ＂strands＂, it has been found that the distribution or trading of ＂strands＂ in different fields is implemented in the form of ＂strands＂ or abstract ＂strands＂. The ＂shares＂ in the field of mountain operations and capital investment are institutional arrangements for ＂ strands ＂, which reflect the complexity and diversity of ＂ strands ＂ trading, and have clear regional characteristics.Therefore, the connotation of ＂strands＂ has been redefined to provide new insights and lessons for us to re- understand and define the traditional rural property rights system.