中国煤炭资源高效清洁利用路径研究

Study on high efficient and clean utilization ways of China's coal resources

为清洁、高效、合理地利用煤炭资源,基于煤炭消费结构及其污染物排放情况,比较了煤炭不同利用方式主要大气污染物排放系数。结果表明:生活终端和工业窑炉的排放系数显著地高于火电和煤化工行业。通过研究不同煤炭利用环节转换能效和终端利用能效,比较了包含污染成本在内的同一利用终端不同利用路径终端累计能效,提出了不同终端煤炭利用的最优路径。炊事、照明、工业驱动和交通领域优先选用煤直接发电路径;供暖终端应优选煤电-空气源热泵路线;煤制油气在交通领域的终端能效低于煤发电驱动电动汽车路线,煤化工的发展应优先发展煤制化学品路线。最后根据不同终端优先煤炭利用选择路径,提出了急需发展煤炭清洁高效利用各中间环节技术,以期达到优化煤炭利用结构,提高煤炭利用效率,减少污染物排放的目的。

In order to cleanly,efficiently and reasonably utilize coal resources,based on coal consumption structure and pollutant discharge,the paper compares the main atmospheric pollutant emission factors of different coal utilization modes.The results show that the emission coefficients of the air pollutants in terminal and industrial kilns are significantly higher than that in thermal power and coal chemical industries.Then we studied the efficiency of energy conversion and end-use at different coal utilization stages,compared the cumulative energy efficiency of different utilization routes including pollution costs,and put forward the path of coal utilization at different terminals.Coking,lighting,industrial drive and transportation are priority coal direct power generation routes.Heating terminal should be the preferred coal direct power generation air sources heat pump line.In the transport sector,the energy efficiency of coal-to-oil（ gas） is lower than that of coal-fired electricity drive the electric vehicles,coal chemical industry should give priority to the development of coal chemical products,rather than coal to oil（ gas）.According to the route selection priority of different terminals,the paper finally puts forward the urgent need to develop technology for clean and efficient use of coal in various intermediate links,in order to optimize the coal utilization structure,improve the coal utilization efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.