北京市顺义区居民热浪风险感知调查

Risk perception investigation of heat wave for residents in Shunyi district of Beijing

目的调查北京市顺义区居民对热浪的风险感知状况并分析其影响因素,为采取预防与干预措施提供依据。方法采用二阶段随机抽样的方法,使用自制结构式调查问卷,分析顺义区居民对高温热浪风险的感知。结果 46.9%的居民认为高温热浪对自身健康影响一般,即热浪感知度整体处于中等水平;热浪经历者的热浪感知度略高,在认为热浪对自身健康影响严重的37.2%的居民中,有25.3%的热浪经历者;居民对高温热浪影响感知在性别和职业上差异不大,但年龄和教育差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);居民对如何适应高温热浪有简单的认知,当自身健康受到高温热浪损害时,92.2%居民会采取食用防暑降温食品、减少户外活动、使用空调和风扇等措施以减少损害。结论该研究对于引导居民采取适应措施减缓或消除高温热浪不利影响,以及政府制定适应政策具有一定借鉴作用。

Objective The study aimed to investigate the risk perception of heat wave for residents in Shunyi district and analyze the influening factors,so as to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods Two-stage random sampling was used to analyze the risk of heat wave in Shunyi district by using self-designed structural questionnaire. Results The result showed that 46. 9% of residents held a perception that heat waves had medium impact on their own health. Residents who had had experienced heat wave had a higher perception. 37. 2% of the residents believed that the heat wave had serious impact on their health,and among whom 25. 3% had heat wave experience. Genders and occupations showed no significant difference in perception,while age and the education are statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The residents hold simple perception of dealing with heat wave. When affected by heat waves,92. 2% of residents would take heatstroke preventive measures like beverage,less outdoor activities,air conditioning and fan,et al. Conclusion This study provides a reference for guiding residents to take appropriate measures to mitigate or eliminate the adverse effects of heat waves,and assists the government in formulating adaptive policies.