国内外科学数据管理与开放共享的最新进展

Progress in Scientific Data Management and Sharing

作为科研活动的灵魂,科学数据既是激发科研创新的起点,也是科研活动丰富成果不可或缺的部分。国内外科学数据管理与共享从"积极温和的科学数据政策导向"和"全面细致的科学数据管理实践"两方面开展。通过对国内外发展现状的比较,笔者认为,国内的科学数据政策宏观体系尚待拓展,政策落实仍需继续积累;仍有很多学科门类需要提高数据管理意识和管理水平;科学研究的整体环境有利于开放科学数据文化的孵化,但仍需多利益相关群体的综合协调。未来,积极温和的共享趋势仍占据主流,科学数据的公、私权力争论愈演愈烈,信息技术变革与科学数据管理边界的再认识将持续推动数据开放。

As the soul of research activities, scientific data is not only the inputs for stimulating scientific research innovation, but also the indispensable outcomes during research. Tracing the policies and practices on scientific data management and sharing, main development trends have been identified as ＂positive and gentle research data policy＂ as well as ＂full and delicate scientific data management＂. Upon comparison of domestic and international policies and practices, we figure out that the national scientific data policy development is still at its early stage while multidisciplinary practices on research stewardship are still on demand. The open data trend could positively nourish better scientific data management and establishment of research data sharing culture. More involvement of different stakeholders is still in urgent need. Further, gentle and positive sharing trend will still last; public data rights shall continue tradeoff against private data rights fiercely. IT innovation and redefinition of scientific data management could benefit data sharing as well.