利玛窦的汉字认知与理解——以《西国记法》例证字为例

Matteo Ricci's Cognition and Understanding of Chinese Characters

《西国记法》作为西方传教士利玛窦的著作之一,并未与其他著作一样得到同等的关注,少数研究仅从心理学等角度会其中的记忆法进行研究,忽略其中对汉字、词的释义。本文从文字学的角度,通过利玛窦《西国记法》中的例证字,了解利玛窦对汉字的认知与理解,发现其文字分析从文字学角度虽然不尽正确,但是其敢于突破常规,充分发挥人本意识,利用中国文化风俗灵活记忆汉字,对汉字研究,乃至对汉语国际教育都有重要的启示。

Western Mnemonics is as one of the books written by western missionary Matteo Ricci,Which is not like other works to get equal attention. Only a few research from the aspects of psychology is for the mnemonic system,which ignores the interpretation of Chinese characters and words. This article takes an exhaustive study of Chinese characters in Western Mnemonics from the perspective of philology,finds that although the text analysis of Matteo Ricci is not all right from the perspective of philology,but it dared to break through the convention,giving full play to the humanistic consciousness and using custom flexible memory of Chinese characters will have an important enlightenment for studying Chinese culture and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.