针对外国传染病疑似病例的现场流行病学调查方法与策略

Methods and strategies of epidemiological investigation for cases from abroad with suspected infectious disease

随着全球化的深入、我国影响力的增加和境内多项大型活动的举办,输入性传染病逐渐成为北京等国际化大都市所面临的重大公共卫生问题.在对外国传染病疑似病例的流行病学调查过程中,调查人员需具备扎实的流行病学专业知识、良好的外语能力,以及跨文化沟通意识,并采取一定的调查策略,才能够快速、高效地了解调查对象的基本情况、旅行史、症状及暴露情况等信息.笔者对外国来华传染病疑似病例进行流行病学调查的方法和策略进行了梳理,对调查所需注意的要点进行了探讨,以期对此类流行病学现场调查工作有所借鉴,并提升医疗卫生专业人员的职业素养.

With the development of globalization,the growing influence of China and the increasing number of international mass gathering events in the country,imported infectious diseases are turning out to be a major public health concern of cosmopolitan cities like Beijing.During the epidemiological investigation of suspected infectious cases from other countries,the investigators are required to have good ability of foreign language,inter-cultural communication competence and expertise in epidemiology.Moreover,certain investigation strategies will enable the public health practitioners to deal with the situation more efficient.The investigators should collect certain information,from the subjects,including personal profile,travel history,clinical manifestations,and possible exposures.This study will shed some light on the epidemiological investigation methods and strategies for cases from abroad with suspected infectious disease,and assist public health practitioners to improve their professional literacy.