丰台医院腹泻患儿轮状病毒感染的流行病学特征和临床诊治

Epidemiological and clinical features of rotavirus diarrhea among infants and young children in Fengtai Hospital, Beijing

目的 了解丰台医院就诊的5岁以下轮状病毒腹泻患儿的流行病学和临床特点,为病毒性腹泻的防治提供科学依据.方法 采集2016年7月至2017年6月丰台医院儿科门诊368份腹泻患儿粪便标本,用胶体金法进行临床诊断检测,部分阳性标本用半巢式多重RT-PCR进行G/P基因分型.结果 368份腹泻患儿的粪便标本中,轮状病毒抗原阳性共153份,检出率为41.6％,2岁以下患儿占96.1％（147/153）.轮状病毒感染高发季节为9月至12月,检出率为71.2％（109/153）.选择68份阳性标本基因分型,其中41份为G9P[8],15份为G3P[8],2份为G9P[N]型未分型,10份未获得型别.选择3株G9P[8]和l株G3P[8]型轮状病毒进行VP7和VP4基因测序,序列分析确认分型正确.结论 轮状病毒是丰台医院就诊患儿腹泻的重要病原体,主要感染2岁以下患儿,G9P[8]型为优势流行株.

Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea among children under 5 years old in Fengtai Hospital,and to provide the evidences for prevention and treatment to viral diarrhea.Methods From July 2016 to June 2017,368 stool specimens were collected from children with diarrhea under 5 years old in the outpatients.Rotavirus was detected by the immune colloidal gold kits G/P genotyping were confirmed with multiplex semi-nested RT-PCR.Results Among 368 stool samples detected,153 （41.6％） cases were positive of rotavirus,and 96.1％ （147/153） of cases were under 2 years old.A peak of rotavirus diarrhea detection was observed from September to December with a detection rate of 71.2％ （109/153）.Sixty-eight positive specimens were genotyped.Forty-one samples were genotyped as G9P[8],15 as G3P[8],2 as G9P[N],and 10 specimens failed to be genotyped.The VP4 and VP7 genes of 3 strains of G9P[8] and 1 strain of G3P[8] were sequenced and the genotyping results were validated.Conclusions Rotavirus was an important pathogen among children with diarrhea in Fengtai Hospital,and mainly infected children under 2 years old and G9P[8] was the predominant strain.