广东省罗定市城区中老年人主要慢性病患病率及危险因素流行水平调查

Prevalence of major chronic diseases and risk factors in the elderly

目的了解中老年人高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、冠心病等主要慢性非传染性疾病的流行情况。方法采用分层多阶段抽样,调查心血管疾病及其危险因素,并对冠心病危险因素进行logistic回归分析。结果 5 749名调查对象中,男性2 675人(46.53%),女性3 074人(53.47%),冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、超重、肥胖的患病率分别为5.44%、28.58%、9.50%、24.77%、23.64%和6.11%。logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄增加(OR=1.257,95%CI:1.153~1.361)、体质指数值增加(OR=1.159,95%CI:1.061~1.257)、吸烟(OR=1.197,95%CI:1.084~1.310)、饮酒(OR=1.088,95%CI:1.022~1.154)、有冠心病家族史(OR=1.385,95%CI:1.121~1.649)、高血压(OR=1.098,95%CI:1.031~1.165)、糖尿病(OR=1.501,95%CI:1.206~1.796)和高脂血症(OR=1.210,95%CI:1.095~1.325)等为冠心病的独立危险因素,经常运动(OR=0.782,95%CI:0.611~0.953)为冠心病的保护性因素。结论抽烟、饮酒、运动缺乏、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常等发生率均较高,应积极控制危险因素,降低心血管疾病患病率。

Objective To understand the prevalence of major chronic non-communicable diseases in the elderly, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease. Methods A stratified multistage sampling survey was conducted among the elder residents in 4 communities in Luoding, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for coronary heart disease. Results A total of 5 749 people were surveyed, including 2 675 males（46.53%） and 3 074 females（53.47%）. The prevalence of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, overweight and obesity were 5.44%, 28.58%, 9.50%, 24.77%, 23.64% and 6.11% respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the increase of age（OR=1.257, 95%CI： 1.153–1.361）, BMI increase（OR=1.159, 95%CI： 1.061–1.257）, smoking（OR=1.197,95%CI： 1.084–1.310）, drinking（OR=1.088, 95%CI： 1.022–1.154）, family history of coronary heart disease（OR=1.385, 95%CI： 1.121–1.649）, hypertension（OR=1.098, 95%CI： 1.031–1.165）, diabetes（OR=1.501, 95%CI：1.206–1.796）, hyperlipidemia（OR=1.210, 95%CI： 1.095–1.325） were the independent risk factors for coronary heart disease,while regular exercise（OR=0.782, 95%CI： 0.611–0.953） was a protective factor. Conclusion The prevalence of smoking,drinking, inactivity, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were high in the elderly surveyed. It is necessary to conduct active risk factor control for the purpose of reducing the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.