基于Caprini量表DVT风险评估的程序化护理方案在脑卒中患者围术期的应用

Application of sequencing nursing based on Caprini Assessment Scale for DVT risk assessment in perioperative period of stroke patients

目的 探讨基于Caprini评估量表进行DVT风险分级,并根据风险程度实施程序化护理方案在脑卒中患者围术期的应用价值.方法 以南阳南石医院2016年1—12月收治的136例脑卒中住院患者为对照组,实施脑卒中常规护理及一般DVT预防措施;以2017年1—12月收治的152例脑卒中住院患者为观察组,采用Caprini评估量表进行DVT风险分级,并实施相应的预防护理.比较两组护理效果.结果 干预后,观察组患侧下肢静脉血流峰流速、平均血流速度、平均血流量均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组围术期下肢肿胀、下肢皮肤颜色改变、DVT发生率分别为11.18%、8.55%、4.61%,均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）.观察组较对照组住院时间缩短,护理满意度提高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.结论 基于Caprini量表DVT风险评估的程序化护理方案能够降低脑卒中患者DVT发生率,缩短住院时间,提高护理满意度.

Objective To explore the risk grading of deep venous thrombosis （DVT） based on Caprini Assessment Scale and the application value of sequencing nursing according to the risk level in perioperative period of stroke patients. Methods A total of 136 stroke inpatients treated in Nanshi Hospital of Nanyang from January to December 20i6 were selected as the control group, and given routine nursing of stroke and general prevention measures for DVT. Another 152 stroke inpatients admitted during January to December 2017 were selected as the observation group. The Caprini Assessment Scale was used for DVT risk classification, and the programmed countermeasure was taken. The nursing effects were compared between the two groups. Results The peak venous blood flow velocity, the mean blood flow velocity and the mean blood flow of affected lower limbs of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention （P 〈 0.05）. The incidence rates of lower limb swelling, skin color change of lower limbs and DVT in the observation group in perioperative period was 11.18%, 8.55% and 4.61% respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group （39.71%, 30.14% and 26.47%）, and the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.001）. The hospitalization time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group, and the nursing satisfaction was obviously higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.01）. Conelusions The DVT risk classification based on Caprini Assessment Scale and programmed countermeasure can reduce the incidence of DVT, shorten the hospitalization time and improve the nursing satisfaction of stroke patients.