草地畜牧业发展潜力及绿色经济转型研究

Study on the development potential of grassland farming and its green economy transformation

我国草地面积占国土面积的40%,草地畜牧业为我国提供了多种多样的经济和环境价值,其可持续发展可实现社会、环境、经济效益的三赢。绿色经济的三个目标与草地畜牧业可持续发展一致,即提高资源效率、确保生态系统的适应能力和增进社会公平。笔者通过分析我国草地畜牧业显著的环境外部性与发展滞后并存的现状,指出草地畜牧业发展绿色经济具有的巨大潜力和草地畜牧业向绿色经济转型必备的条件,即草地畜牧业的绿色增长意味着牧场生产力的重大突破必须符合维护草地系统多元化价值的需要,应追求环境和经济效益最大化的发展模式,避免追求单一产品的产出最大化。基于此,提出草地畜牧业绿色经济转型的相关对策建议。

Grassland accounts for 40% of the country＇ s land area in China. Grassland farming provides a variety of economic and environmental values for our country, and its sustainable development provides the triple win of social, environmental and economic benefits. The three objectives of green economy are in accordance with the sustainable development of grassland farming ： improving resource efficiency, ensuring ecosystem resilience, and enhancing social equity. By analyzing the present situation of the coexistence of the obvious environmental externality and development lag in grassland farming in China, the author points out the great potential of green economy in the development of grassland farm- ing and the necessary conditions for the transformation of grassland farming to the green economy. The green growth of grassland farming means the key breakthrough of pasture productivity must agree with the the needs of maintaining the diversified value of the grassland system, and should pursue the optimized development model of the environmental and economic benefits rather than maximizing the output of single products. Based on this, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the transformation of grassland farming to green economy are put forward.