柯氏模型对医学生胸腔穿刺术培训效果的评价

Using the Kirkpatrick Model to Assess the Training Effects of Thoracic Puncture Technique to Medical Students

目的探讨"柯氏模型"在医学生胸腔穿刺术培训中的应用效果。方法临床医学专业255名学生,分别采用胸腔穿刺术常规培训(对照组)120名和刻意法培训(观察组)135名,运用"柯氏模型"的四个层级即反应层评估、学习层评估、行为层评估、结果层评估,对胸腔穿刺术的培训效果进行评价。结果学习层评估观察组理论和技能成绩均高于对照组;行为层评估观察组出科考核理论成绩、技能成绩分别为(83.47±4.69)、(88.92±4.05)分,高于对照组的(79.09±4.81)、(84.29±4.38)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);反应层评估观察组学生对培训的满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);结果层评估带教老师对观察组学生满意126例,不满意9例,分别优于对照组的102例和18例,学生自评比较,观察组满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 "柯氏模型"可作为医学专业实践教学评价的新路径。刻意法培训胸腔穿刺术可提高学生的学习效果,规范操作,是转变培训模式的有益尝试。

Objective To discuss the application of Kirkpatrick model in training of thoracic puncture technique to medical students. Methods Totally 255 students who were from clinical medicine major were respectively accepted the traditional training（ 122 as the control group） and the deliberately training（ 135 as the observation group）. We used the Kirkpatrick model： reaction evaluation,evaluation,behavior evaluation and outcome evaluation to assess the effects of the training. Results Learning evaluation： the scores of the theoretical results and skill scores of the observation group were（ 83. 47 ±4. 69/88. 92 ± 4. 05） all significantly higher than those of the control group（ 79. 09 ± 4. 81/84. 29 ±4. 38） The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Reaction evaluation： the degree of the students from the observation group were higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Outcome evaluation： the teachers were satisfied with 126 students and were not satisfied with 9 students. It was superior to the control group（ 102/18）. The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. With the comparison of students-self-evaluation,the degree of satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The application of the scientific evaluation training effect of Kirkpatrick model can be used as a new path for the evaluation of medical professional practice teaching. Deliberate training of thoracic puncture technique can improve students＇ learning effect and standard operation,which is a beneficial attempt to transform training mode.