中俄跨界民族鄂伦春人社会生活习俗对比研究

A Comparative Study of the Social Customs between the Chinese and Russian Cross-border Ethnic Groups

鄂伦春人是居住在大小兴安岭和黑龙江流域的古老渔猎民族,17世纪中期俄罗斯人到达黑龙江流域后,鄂伦春人逐渐南迁至黑龙江中下游地区。19世纪中后期,中俄黑龙江分界后,鄂伦春人成为跨界民族,分居在中俄境内。伴随着时间的推移和社会发展进步,中俄境内的鄂伦春人在社会生活方面都发生了巨大的变化,鄂伦春人的传统文化是山林民族文化的代表,这些传统文化正面临逐渐消失的困境,研究和保护鄂伦春族文化迫在眉睫。

The Oroqen people refer to the ancient fishermen and hunters living in the great and small Xin＇an Mountains and Heilongjiang River Basin. After the Russians arrived in the Heilongjiang River Basin in the middle of the 17th century, the Oroqen people gradually moved to the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang from the south, and they became the cross-border ethnic group and lived separately in China and Russia in the middle and late 19th century when the boundary in Heilongjiang was made. Along with the passage of time and the progress of social development, the Oroqen people in China and Russia have undergone tremendous changes in their social life. The traditional culture of the Oroqen people is the representative of the national culture of mountain and forest. Nowadays, these traditional culture is facing the dilemma of gradual disappearance, which makes the protection and research of the Oroqen culture imminent.