上海市嘉定区白纹伊蚊分布及其种群密度监测

Distribution of Aedes albopictus and its population density monitoring in Jiading District of Shanghai

【目的】了解嘉定区登革热蚊媒白纹伊蚊成幼蚊虫分布及季节消长,为登革热防控提供科学依据。【方法】白纹伊蚊幼虫监测采用布雷图指数法和诱蚊诱卵器法,成蚊监测采用二氧化碳法和双层叠帐法,观察不同季节白纹伊蚊分布特点及密度。【结果】嘉定区布雷图指数6—7月达峰值,以废品回收站指数最高。诱蚊诱卵器法7月、9月达到峰值。诱蚊诱卵器指数高于布雷图指数,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=36.68,P<0.01),两种方法 7月、9月的监测结果差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=12.39,15.84,均P<0.01)。二氧化碳法监测白纹伊蚊季节消长为单峰趋势,7月达最高峰,与总体蚊虫季节消长一致,以农户密度最高。双层叠帐法6—8月为密度高峰期,8月达到峰值。以居民区捕获率最高。【结论】应加强对白纹伊蚊密度监测,在流行季节,采用客观、敏感的监测方法,及时发现白纹伊蚊密度升高,多种途径控制蚊虫密度,有效防控输入性病例。

[Objective] To ascertain the distribution and seasonal fluctuation of Aedes albopictus in Jiading,providing guidance for Dengue control. [Methods]Population density of Ae. albopictus larvae was surveyed by Breteau Index（ BI） and Mosquito Ovitrap Index（ MOI） method. Adult Ae. albopictus were monitored by carbon dioxide process and double layer mosquito net method. [Results] The peak of BI was from June to July. The highest BI was found at waste recycling station. The peak of MOI was in July and September.MOI was higher than BI,and the difference between the two was statistically significant（ χ~2= 36. 68,P〈0. 01）. The difference of the results in July and September was also statistically significant（ χ~2= 12. 39,15. 84,P〈0. 01）. The density of Aedes albopictus by carbon dioxide process had a peak in July while the peak by double layer mosquito net method was in August. [Conclusion] We should enhance density monitoring on Aedes albopictus. During the epidemic seasons, we should discover in time its increased density by objective,sensitive monitoring methods and control its density by multiple approaches,so as to effectively prevent and control imported cases.