资金-目标双优化法在路面养护决策中的应用

Application of Fund-target Optimization Method in Pavement Maintenance Decision-making

在当前公路养护资金与路面性能需求提升矛盾日益显著条件下,进行有计划性的路面养护规划及决策极为重要。以多年度项目级养护规划为研究对象,提出了以养护路段为单位的项目级养护规划决策流程。结合当前管养工作中对资金及目标双重约束条件下的养护规划需求,重点针对资金规划中的养护方案优化阶段,明确了"资金-目标"双优化法的内容,并建立了优化原则及优化目标。提出了考虑时间影响、基于交通量及路况指标的资金优先级因子概念,建立了多年度规划条件下的"资金-目标"双优化法决策流程及资金排序优化方法,并以宁波某高速公路为例进行了资金与目标约束条件下的优化示例演示。结果表明:基于交通量及路况指标、考虑年度关联效应的优先级因子判断法量化了年度实施效应的影响;不同管养单位应根据各地对路况指标的实际需求,动态建立适合当地的优先级因子;"资金-目标"双优化法采取先资金优化、后目标优化、二者交叉校核的方式进行,同时按"长度优先-养护后推"迭代优化法进行;"资金-目标"双优化法在实际应用中具有较强的可行性与指导性,可用于辅助管理单位在对养护资金与路况目标有双重约束及需求条件下进行养护决策优化;资金或目标单重优化,亦可采用所推荐的步骤与流程进行拆解优化。

As the contradiction between highway maintenance fund and pavement performance demand greatly improving,it is very necessary to carry out road maintenance planning. Taking multi-annual project maintenance planning as the research object,the project maintenance planning decision-making process based on maintenance section is put forward. Combining the maintenance planning need of present maintenance under dual constraints of fund and target,focusing on the maintenance optimization stage during fund planning,the content of fund-target optimization method is identified,and the optimization principles and optimization target are built. Then,the concept of fund priority factor based on traffic and road condition indexes considering the influence of time is proposed,the decision-making process of fund-target optimization method and the optimization method of fund sorting under multi-annual planning condition are built,which is demonstrated taking an expressway in Ningbo under the constraint of fund and target for optimizing example,The result shows that（ 1） the priority factor judgmental method based on traffic and road condition indicators as well as annual correlation effect quantified annual implementation effect;（ 2） it is suggested that differentmanagement units should dynamically build priority factor which is suitable to local area according to local actual demand of road condition indicators;（ 3） fund-target optimization method takes the way of fundoptimizing first, target-optimizing second and then the two cross checking, meanwhile, the iterative optimization method of ＂length first and maintenance postponed＂is conducted;（ 4） fund-target optimization method is very useful and feasible in actual application, which could help management unit make maintenance decision optimization under the double restraints and requirement of maintenance fund and road condition;（ 5） fund optimized or target optimized could also be disassembled and optimized on the base of recommended steps and process for separate optimization.