增氮节镍型316奥氏体不锈钢的耐冲蚀性能

Wear-Erosion Resistance of Adding Nitrogen-Saving Nickel Type 316 Austenite Stainless Steel

采用30 kg真空感应炉熔炼了试验用316钢(/%:0.04C,0.36Si,2.00Mn,0.009P,0.024S,17.74Cr,11.74Ni,2.56Mo)以及采用常压充氮和加入氮化合金熔炼了试验用增氮节镍型316钢(/%:0.04C,0.25Si,1.86Mn,0.012P,0.021S,16.90Cr,8.18Ni,2.64Mo,0.36N),经锻造和轧制成4 mm带材,并经1 100℃1 h固溶处理。借助电子天平、扫描电镜以及自制的砂浆冲蚀磨损试验装置,对试验钢的冲蚀磨损率以及冲蚀磨损后的表面形貌进行了表征与分析。结果表明,两种试验奥氏体不锈钢的磨损率随着冲蚀角度的增大,出现了先上升,后下降,再上升的趋势,在45°与90°出现了两个峰值,当冲蚀角度为90°时,磨损率达到最大值;两种奥氏体不锈钢的冲蚀磨损率随着冲蚀速度和冲蚀时间的增加而增大。在相同的冲蚀条件下,增氮节镍型316奥氏体不锈钢具有较优的耐冲蚀磨损性能和较低的冲蚀磨损率。

The tested 316 steel （/%： 0.04C, 0.36Si, 2.00Mn, 0.009P, 0.024S, 17.74Cr, ll.74Ni, 2.56Mo） is melted b~ a 30 kg vacuum induction furnace and the tested adding nitrogen-saving nickel 316 steel （/% ： 0. 04C, 0. 25Si, 1.86Mn, 0. 012P, 0. 021S, 16. 90Cr, 8. 18Ni, 2.64Mo, 0. 36N） is melted by nitrogen filled at ambient pressure and adding nitriding alloy, forged and rolled to 4 mm strip and solid-solution treated at 1 100 ~C for 1 h. The erosion rate and the morphology of surface of steel erosion-tested are characterized and analyzed by electronic balance, SEM and home- made slun3, erosion wear-erosion device. Results show that with increasing erosion impact angle the erosion rate of both tested austenite stainless steel increases and appears to rise-fall-rise, two peaks of erosion rate occur at erosion impact angle 45° and 90° and the max erosion rate occurs at 90° ; with increasing velocity and time of erosion impact the erosion rate of hoth steels increases. At same conditions of erosion, the adding nitrogen-saving niekel 316 austenite stainless steel has bet- ter wear-erosion performance and lower erosion rate.