跨地区生计视角下流动人口在流出地住房投资行为的时空特征

THE TIME-SPACE PATTERNS OF THE MIGRANTS'HOUSING INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR IN THEIR ORIGIN PLACES UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF MULTI-LOCATIONAL LIVELIHOOD

基于流动人口流入地福建省的问卷调查数据与流出地河南、安徽两省的调研资料,采用生存分析方法、空间可视化与质性研究方法,探讨流动人口在流出地住房投资行为的时空特征和规律。研究发现:流动人口在流出地村庄内建房或在县城(镇)内购房是一较为普遍的现象,建房率明显大于购房率,且存在较为明显的住房闲置现象;在时间特征上,2005年以前的住房投资行为较少,而2005年以来渐多,购房比建房需经历更长的时间跨度,特定时期内的住房政策能推动流出地的住房投资行为;在空间特征上,流出地的住房投资行为存在区位优化选择倾向,且建房的跨地区生计走廊数量多于购房。最后,基于上述的研究结论,提出相关政策启示。

Differed from one-way mobility pattern in developed countries, migrants in developing countries tend to rural-urban circular migration. It＇s a widespread phenomenon that migrants transfer housing investment from destination to origin. Based on the representative data from a random sampling questionnaire survey of migrants in Fujian province in 2015 and investigation materials in Henan province and Anhui province, this paper attempts to explore the time-space patterns of migrants＇ housing investment behavior in their origin places, using the method of survival analysis, spatial visualization and qualitative research. The results show that migrants＇ housing investment in their origin places is a kind of typical multi-locational livelihood in the process of circular migration, and the rate of building houses in their origin villages is obviously higher than that of purchasing houses in their origin counties. However, because of many migrants still choose to migrate after building or purchasing houses, a large number of above mentioned houses are idle. In terms of temporal characteristics, there is less housing investment behavior before 2005 and has been increasing since2005. Migrants need spend more time to purchase a house than to build a house in their origin places. Furthermore, housing policies play an important role in migrant＇s housing investment behavior in their origin places.