上海港在“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的地位及发展战略研究

STUDY ON THE STATUS OF SHANGHAI PORT IN THE“21ST CENTURY MARITIME SILK ROAD”

基于1995、2005、2015年的中国国际航运数据,运用枢纽度模型与复杂网络方法重点分析了上海港在"21世纪海上丝绸之路"沿线的港口地位变化,结果表明:上海港成为"21世纪海上丝绸之路"沿线最重要的港口,联系航线比重上升,范围扩大,强度增强,与东南亚的港口联系最为紧密;中国面向"21世纪海上丝绸之路"沿线航运网络由香港、上海(一主一副)的双中心向上海、宁波、深圳、香港的四中心发展,上海港成为四中心港口之首,上海港和宁波港同质竞争激烈;最后,从港口层面、区域层面、国家层面的角度提出上海港在"21世纪海上丝绸之路"中的发展建议,包括东南亚发展战略、港口协同发展战略、金字塔发展战略。

One of the important contents of building the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂ is to establish and improve the interconnection of infrastructure among different regions, so as to promote the economic development of the countries along the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂ area. As the largest shipping center in China Mainland, Shanghai port is an indispensable and important node in the construction and development of the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂. At present, there are many researches on the location and mechanism of Shanghai port＇s participation in the construction of the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂.However, the status evolution and development strategies of Shanghai port are seldom involved. Based on the data of container routes in 1995, 2005, 2015 from ＂Chinese Shipping Weekly＂, which includes container route data from China to the world, this paper fist analyze the change status and the role of Shanghai port along the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂ area according to the graph theory model and complex network method, and put forward the development strategy of Shanghai port in the construction of the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂ at the same time. The results show that： Shanghai port became the most important port along the ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂ area, increasing in the proportion of the shipping route. The scope is expanded, and the intensity is enhanced, keeping close contact with key areas and ports, especially in Southeast Asia, the ports are most closely connected; The international maritime transport hub along China to ＂21 st Century Maritime Silk Road＂area has developed from the double center of Hongkong, Shanghai to the four center of Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Hongkong, and Shanghai port became the first port of the four center.