旗叶对啤酒大麦干物质及品质的影响

Effects of Flag Leaves on Dry Matter and Quality of Malting Barley

为了探讨旗叶对啤酒大麦干物质和品质影响,对‘甘啤4号’在抽穗期进行剪除旗叶处理,分析旗叶对啤酒大麦穗、茎、叶片、叶鞘、穗、穗粒质量等干物质及籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,抽穗期剪掉旗叶对啤酒大麦穗、茎、叶片、叶鞘、穗粒质量等均较对照有明显的降低,其中对叶片干质量降幅最大达23.2%,其次为茎秆干质量和穗粒质量,降幅为7.9%和7.2%,叶鞘质量降幅为6.1%,对穗粒数影响最小降幅为0.7%;原麦品质,剪掉旗叶后啤酒大麦籽粒蛋白质质量分数、千粒质量、筛选率较对照明显降低,瘦秕率明升高,淀粉质量分数无明显变化;麦芽品质,剪掉旗叶对啤酒大麦麦芽品质有明显影响,麦芽粘度、粗细粉差增大,β-葡聚糖质量分数较对照升高,麦芽糖化时间、糖化力、微粉浸出率、粗粉浸出率、α-氨基氮、可溶性氮、库值均较对照降低,对麦芽色度和蛋白质质量分数无影响。旗叶对啤酒大麦穗、茎、叶片、叶鞘、穗、穗粒质量等干物质质量及籽粒品质形成具有重要的影响,在选育高产、优质品种的过程中应注意选择旗叶衰老较慢的品种;从高产栽培角度看,在啤酒大麦抽穗后,要保护好旗叶生长,延长旗叶功能期,以促进啤酒大麦籽粒结实,进而提高产量和改善其品质。

In order to investigate the effects of flag leaves on dry matter and the quality of malting barley, we cut off the flag leave of ‘Ganpi 4’ at heading stage, and then analyzed the effects of the flag leaves of malting barley on stem, leaves and leaf sheaths, ears and ear grain mass of dry matter and grain quality. The results showed that the mass of stem,leaf and leaf sheath,ear and ear grain signifi-cantly decreased after the flag leaf were cut off comparing with the control, of which the leaf dry mass decreased greatly to 23.2%,the stem dry mass and spike grain mass decreased by 7.9%, the spike mass decreased by 7.2 %, the leaf sheath mass decreased by 6.1%, the lowerst effect on the ear grain number and it minimally decreased by 0.7 %. The protein mass fraction, 1 000-grain mass and screening rate of barley seeds were significantly lower than that in the original wheat quality. In malt quality,cutting off flag leaves had significant effect on the malting barley malt quality, malt viscosity, difference of powder thickness increased,beta glucan mass fraction was higher than the control, malt- ose. sacehariying power,micro powder during the leaching rate, the leaching rate of coarse powder, α-a-mino nitrogen, soluble nitrogen, library values decreased, comparing with the control, and the malt chromaticity had no effect on protein mass fraction. The flag leaf has an important influence on the dry matter of malting barley ear, stem, leaf, leaf sheath, panicle, panicle grain, etc. , and we should pay at-tention to the selection of the slow aging of flag leaf for breeding high yield and high quality varieties. From the perspective of high yield cultivation,it is important to protect the growth of the flag leaf and prolong the function of the leaf blade after the earing stage of the malting barley,so as to promote the fruit and improve the yield and quality of malting barley seed.