STEM教师培养:美国的经验与启示

The Cultivation of STEM Teachers in USA:Experience and Implications

随着STEM教育运动的兴起与盛行,STEM教师培养成为此中的关键。美国的STEM教师培养曾面临诸多现实困境,经过长期的实践探索,现已形成较为完整的体系,具体表现为:全面的立法保障、持续的财政支持、统一的教师认证标准、多元的教师培养项目、匹配的问责机制等。而其政策引领以创建STEM教师培养的话语空间、制度建设以优化STEM教师培养的整体环境、多方参与以创新STEM教师培养方式等有益经验,对我国STEM教师培养有一定的启示。

With the rise and popularity of the STEM education campaign, the cultivation of STEM teachers has become the key force.The cultivation of STEM teachers in USA has faced many practical diffficulties.After a long period of practice and exploration, a complete system has been formed： comprehensive legislative guarantee, sustained financial support, unified teacher certification standard, multiple teacher training projects, and matching accountability mechanism.The effective experience of the policy leads to create discourse space, the construction of system to optimize the overall environment, the multi participation to innovate the training manners, has some implications to the cultivation of STEM teachers in China.