试论科学课程认知领域的学习分类——学习心理学的视角

On Classification of the Learning in Cognitive Domain of Science Course:From the Views of Learning Psychology

学习心理学家从不同视角对认知领域学习进行分类,由于各分类理论研究的学习对象基本是相同的,因而它们之间存在联系并相互补充。基于各分类内在联系,并结合科学课程学习的特点,可以构建将学习内容、学习内部过程、内部表征形式以及习得层次等学习要素整合为一体的科学课程认知领域学习分类体系。依据学习分类观点,科学学科核心素养可以分解为价值内化的态度与解决问题的综合能力。后者也可进一步分解为相应的知识、技能以及认知策略。

Learning psychologists classify cognitive domain learning from different perspectives. As the learning objects of the various taxonomy theoretical studies are basically the same, they are related and complementary to each other. Based on the intrinsic relationship of each category, and combined with the characteristics of the science curriculum learning, it is possible to construct a classification system of the science curriculum cognitive domain that integrates learning elements such as learning content, internal processes of learning, internal representation forms, and acquisition levels into one. According to the viewpoint of learning classification, the key competency of scientific discipline can be decomposed into the internalization of value and the comprehensive ability to solve problems. The latter can be further decomposed into corresponding knowledge, skills, and cognitive strategies.