三维激光扫描仪在跨断层形变监测中的实验研究

Application of 3D Laser Scanner in Cross Fault Monitoring

三维激光扫描系统是集成了多种高新技术的非接触式主动测量方式的对地观测系统。该技术可一次性获取监视区域密集点云数据,将传统的以点代面的监测方法发展为地形、地物三维空间观测,既可进行区域微变形监测,亦可对兴趣点的变形进行监测。当前应用研究主要针对断层活动相关的构造地形、地貌展开,其在高精度跨断层形变测量领域应用较少。以唐山地震台跨断层形变观测场地为试验场地,检验该技术用于跨断层形变测量的可行性。经过多次实验,目前中短距离上可检测到毫米级的变化量。随着研究的不断深入,其在断层三维形变监测中有着很大的应用前景。

3D laser scanning system is a non-contact and active earth observation system which is integrated with a variety of high and new technique. The technique can obtain dense point cloud data of monitoring area at one time which improves the traditional monitoring method of fanning out points to area to three-dimensional space observation of terrain and ground objects. This method can not only be used to monitor regional micro deformation monitoring, but also monitor the deformation of interest points. Current research mainly focuses on the fault activity related to structure topography landform, while, the research related to high-precision cross-fault deformation measurement is lacked. The feasibility of this technique for cross-fault deformation measurement was tested in the Tangshan Seismic Station cross-fault deformation observation site. Results of many tests show that millimeter-level change can be detected under short and medium distance situation. This method has great application prospect in the tomographic three-dimensional deformation monitoring area with the deepening of the research.