原发性青光眼的患病危险因素

Risk factors of primary glaucoma

原发性青光眼是常见的致盲性眼病，其病理机制尚未完全明确，分为原发性闭角型青光眼及原发性开角型青光眼两类。原发性闭角型青光眼的危险因素有遗传、性别、年龄、眼压、跨筛板压力差、近视、心理精神因素等。原发性开角型青光眼的危险因素有遗传、性别、年龄、高血压、眼压、眼灌注压、跨筛板压力差、甲状腺功能减退、视网膜血氧饱和度、糖尿病、吸烟、身高等。因而，全面评价这些危险因素对于原发性青光眼早期诊断及治疗有重要意义。

The primary glaucoma is one of the common diseases causing blindness. The pathogene- sis of primary glaucoma has not yet been clear. Primary glaucoma can be divided into primary angle-closure glaucoma（PACG） and primary open angle glaucoma（POAG）. The risk factors of PACG include heredity, gender, age, intraocular pressure, trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference, myopia, psychological and mental factors. The risk factors of POAG include heredity, gender, age, hypertension, intraocular pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference, hypothyroidism, retinal oxygen saturation, diabetes, smoking and height. Therefore, assessment of these risk factors is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of primary glaucoma.