方剂剂量影响因素浅析

An Analysis of Factors Related to Dosage of Prescriptions

方剂剂量对于临床功效的发挥至关重要,然而有关方剂剂量的影响因素纷繁复杂,它们相互牵制,相互影响,虽"医贵变通,方在合宜",然方剂剂量实际应用时并无成则,立法处方主要是针对病机所设,故临床遣方用药时容易忽略除病机以外,如地域、季节、气候等可间接影响疾病病机的因素,病机发生变化时方剂剂量也应随之进行调整。患者体质的差异会对药物耐受性造成一定影响。地域因素则间接影响着在此地理环境下生长的人的体质状态;人体作为自然界中的一部分,自然节令气候的异常变化也会间接影响疾病的遣药用量;大多数药物逆向作用的发挥主要取决于剂量的选择;医者的用药习惯、学术流派则可对方剂剂量产生直接影响。辨证论治的精髓在于辨准病机,但切勿只着眼于病机,疾病的发生往往是多因素交合作用的结果,故临床运用时需综合考虑,具体分析,才能遣药精当,用量精准,获得良效。

The dosage of the prescription is very important to the effect of the clinical efficacy. However,the factors affecting the dosage of prescription are complicated. They influence each other. Although medical efficacy lies in proper prescription,the dosage of prescription is not fixed in clinical practice. In addition to pathogenesis,indirect factors such as region,season,climate,etc. are easily ignored,so the dosage of the prescription should be adjusted accordingly. The difference in physical constitution of patients will have a certain effect on drug tolerance. Regional factors affect the physical state of people growing in this geographical environment. As a part of the natural world,the abnormal changes in the climate will indirectly affect the dosage of medicine for the disease,and the adverse effects of most drugs mainly depend on the selection of the dosage; the medicine-taking habits and academic schools of the doctors can directly affect the dosage of the prescription. The essence of syndrome differentiation is to distinguish the pathogenesis which should not be only focused on. The occurrence of the disease is often the result of multiple factors,so in clinical application all kinds of factors should be considered and analyzed in order to use medicines precisely and obtain the good effect.