从留守到流动:家庭结构与功能的重构

The Reconstruction of Floating Family Structure and Function

我国劳动力的转移日渐呈现出家庭化的趋势,以农民工为代表的流动人口多以分批迁移的方式实现家庭的团聚,从而出现了家庭从留守状态到流动状态的转变,这对家庭产生了一系列的影响:在结构上家庭进一步核心化,需要家庭成员重新适应家庭角色,以解决角色冲突;而夫妻关系和亲子关系由于互动模式的改变也面临着重构与挑战;此外,家庭的教育功能获得了提升的空间,而赡养和日常照料功能逐步衰弱。农民工家庭所发生的这些变化既是机遇也是挑战,需要家庭内部的积极调整与应对,以及家庭外部相关政策的支持和保障。

Labor transfer of China presents a familial tendency, the floating population realizes the family reunion in the way of partial migration, thus appeared the family from left-behind status to the change of flow state.This has a series of influences on the family： the family structure is further centered and family members are required to readapt to the family role in order to resolve the role conflict.The relationship between husband and wife and parent-child relationship is also faced with reconstruction and challenge due to the change of interactive modeJn addition, the education function of the family gains the space for improvement, while the function of maintenance and daily care gradually weakens.These changes in migrant workers＇ families are both opportunities and challenges, and they require active adjustment and response within the family, as weU as the support and protection of policies outside the family.