“国民性”问题的教育视角

The Educational View of Nationality

国民性改造问题是我国现代教育一个重要问题,重塑国民性彰显了教育促进人的发展的社会向度。文章从教育、社会与人的辩证关系出发,对清末民初以来的国民性改造思潮进行反思,认为国民性也是一定社会关系下的产物,国民性改造与社会改造互为因果,国民性无所谓优劣,每个民族的国民性都有优秀之处,也都有各自的"劣根性"。从教育的视角来看,国民性是与个性相对应的范畴。因此,人的发展是国民性与个性的统一,教育不能脱离国家来培养人,实现国民性的现代化是当前教育的重要使命。

The transformation of nationality is an important issue in modern education in China.Remodeling the nationality highlights the social dimension of education.Starting from the dialectical relationship between education,society and people,this paper rethinks the trend of nationality transformation since late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.The paper advocates that the nationality is the product of certain social relationship.Nationality transformation and social transformation are causation.Nationality is no good or bad in itself,for each nation has its own excellence and＂inferiority＂of nationality.From the perspective of education,nationality is corresponding to personality. Therefore,human development is the unity of nationality and personality.Education should not ignore the social dimension in cultivating people,and realize the modernization of nationality is an important mission of education in China.