不同体质指数大学新生健康相关知识态度行为调查

Investigation on health-related KAP of college students with different body mass indexes

目的了解新乡市某高校大学生肥胖相关健康知识态度行为的情况,为提高大学生健康状况水平、养成良好的饮食生活方式提供科学依据。方法参考相关资料的基础上自行设计调查问卷,在全校新生入学体检中随机抽取402名大学生进行调查研究。结果新乡市某高校大一新生健康知识较为缺乏,平均得分为(3.71±1.55)分,体质量超标及肥胖组与对照组得分差异无统计学意义。但体质量超标及肥胖组体型自我评价与BMI一致性的正确率为56.7%,对照组体型自我评价与BMI一致性的正确率为67.2%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.03)。健康相关态度方面,体质量超标及肥胖组与对照组差异无统计学意义。健康相关行为方面,体质量超标肥胖组吃油炸食品的频率、吃饭速度、运动强度、运动量与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论某高校新生总体健康知识知晓率普遍偏低,存在较多不良饮食行为习惯。对体质量超标肥胖大学生加强健康知识宣教的同时注重体质正常大学生的健康教育,增设健康教育课程积极开展各项课外活动,督促体质量超标肥胖大学生养成良好的生活习惯,降低体质量超标肥胖的发生。

Objective To investigate the status of obesity related health knowledge, attitude and practice among college students in Xinxiang City, so as to provide the evidence for improving the health status of college students and developing a good diet lifestyle. Methods On the basis of related reference data, a questionnaire was designed, and 402 college freshmen were randomly selected and investigated with the questionnaire. Results The health knowledge of the freshmen in a university in Xinxiang City was relatively deficient, with an average score of 3.71±1.55, and there was no significant difference between the overweight and obese group and control group. However, the accuracy of consistency in body type self-evaluation and BMI was 56.7% in the overweight and obese group, and the accuracy of consistency in body self-evaluation and BMI in the control group was 67.2%, and the difference was statistically significant（P=0.03）. There was no statistically significant difference between the overweight and obese group and the control group in the health related attitude. In terms of health related behaviors, the frequency of eating fried food, the speed of eating, the intensity of exercises and the amount of exercises in the overweight and obese group were significantly different from those in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The awareness rate of general health knowledge of the freshmen in a university is generally low, and there are many unhealthy eating habits. For overweight and obese college students, the health education should be much strengthened, and at the same time,for the normal physique college students, the health education still should be paid attention to.