5种葡萄砧木耐旱性评价及鉴定指标的筛选

Evaluating of Drought Tolerance and Screening the Identification Indexes Among Five Grape Rootstock Varieties

为探究5种葡萄砧木的耐旱性,以5种葡萄砧木为材料,设置4个不同水分梯度进行干旱胁迫处理,28 d后比较分析14个生理生化指标,采用耐旱系数、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析及灰色关联度分析相结合的方法进行耐旱性综合评价及评价指标的筛选。结果表明,以各鉴定指标的耐旱系数为评价标准,各品种的耐旱性结果不尽相同,但各单项指标间均存在相关性;主成分分析和隶属函数分析表明,110R的耐旱性最强,其D值为0.871;SO4耐旱性最弱,其D值为0.184;以D值进行耐旱性聚类分析表明,5个品种可分为较强耐旱型、中等耐旱型和较弱耐旱型三大类;灰色关联度分析表明,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性与耐旱性关联度最密切,关联度为0.761;丙二醛(MDA)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、净光合速率(Pn)、茎粗、株高、过氧化物酶(POD)活性与砧木耐旱性关联度较密切,其关联度均≥0.600。综上,上述指标均可作为葡萄砧木耐旱性评价的重要依据。本研究为葡萄耐旱性评价以及耐旱种质资源鉴定和育种提供了理论依据。

To investigate the drought tolerance of the five grape rootstock varieties and to explore the parameters and methods for screening of drought-tolerance germplasm. Taking five rootstock varieties as test material,the research compared and analyzed the differences among the physiological and biochemical indexes under drought stress of 4 water gradients for 28 days. Drought tolerance coefficient,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,subordinate function coefficient analysis,fuzzy clustering and grey correlation analysis were used to comprehensive evaluate the drought tolerance and to select the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the drought tolerance of each varieties were not the same and there existed correlations among the individual indicators using as drought-tolerance coefficients.The principal component and subordinate function coefficient result of drought-tolerance measuration value（ D value）,the drought hardiness of ‘110 R＇was the strongest,with the D value was 0. 871 while ‘SO4＇was the weakest with the D value was 0. 184. The five varieties were divided into three groups including high,moderate and low drought tolerance with the clustering results. With all their correlation degrees larger than 0. 600,the grey correlation analysis showed catalase activity（ CAT）,malondialdehyde（ MDA）,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate,stem diameter,plant height and peroxidase activity（ POD） were related closely with drought tolerance,and were used as the significant indicator for evaluating drought tolerance. Thereinto,catalase activity（ CAT） was the closest relationship with drought tolerance,with the correlation degree was 0. 761. In conclusion,this study provides a theoretical basis to the evaluating of the drought tolerance and also can accelerate the germplasm evaluation and drought tolerance breeding.