从水生态系统健康到河湖健康评价研究

Studies on the health assessments: from aquatic ecosystems to Rivers/Lakes

城市水生态问题凸现,水生态健康成为当今水科学研究中最具活力的前沿领域之一。河湖健康评价作为诊断水体健康和指导生态修复的重要工具,是水生态系统健康评价理论在我国河湖管理和保护过程中的重要实践。基于流域、地域、水体类型和生物类型对我国十几年来河湖健康评价典型研究成果进行了系统整理和分类,发现指标体系法在我国具有较为广泛的应用。根据气候、地理、水文、生态等条件差异,将我国水体初步划分为10个生态分区,采用指标体系法对河流和湖库分别构建健康评价指标体系,根据实际案例应用分析结果表明构建的河湖健康评价指标体系具有一定的可行性,适合在我国尝试推广。

Aquatic ecologic events frequently occurred in urban areas during the past years. Assessment on the health of aquatic ecosystems has been one of the most active fields of research in water sciences. It is the basic tool for the restoration of ecologic systems and the important practice of aquatic ecosystem health on the rivers/lakes management. A systematic summary and classification are made on the basis of river basins,regions,water bodies and organism types. It was found that the indicator-based methods have been widely used in China. According to the factors of climate,geography,hydrology and ecology,China is divided into ten aquatic ecologic zones. Indicators for health assessment are proposed for rivers and lakes/reservoirs,respectively. Case studies show that the proposed indicators are suitable and can be used in other rivers,lakes and reservoirs in China.