成都市中小学生膳食甜蜜素暴露现状评估

Assessment of dietary cyclamate exposure status of primary and middle school students in Chengdu

目的评估成都市中小学生膳食中甜蜜素暴露水平及对青少年健康状况的潜在风险。方法根据GB2760-2014中允许使用甜蜜素的食品及2015～2017四川省食品检测实测甜蜜素数据,结合成都市中小学生食品消费量数据,采用简单分布模型法,对目标人群甜蜜素的膳食暴露量进行估算,并与欧盟食品科学委员会(Scientific Committee on Food,SCF)制定的甜蜜素每日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)值进行比较。结果使用甜蜜素含量均值进行个体评估时,最大个体暴露量为4.62 mg/kg·bw,低于SCF制定的ADI值(7 mg/kg·bw),使用甜蜜素含量P97.5评估超过ADI的个体比例为9.9%。对调查人群全体进行甜蜜素含量均值及P90评估均低于ADI值,P97.5含量暴露值占ADI比例为243.6%。在甜蜜素含量P97.5高暴露量情况下,小学生暴露量高于初中生。甜蜜素含量P97.5高暴露量情况下,男生暴露量略高于女生。甜蜜素暴露的贡献率最高的食品为熟制坚果与籽类(27.98%)。结论在日常生活中,家长或者学生自身应多关注科学饮食,避免偏食带来健康风险。

Objective To assess the exposure level of cyclamate in the diet of primary and secondary school students in Chengdu and the potential risks to the health status of adolescents. Methods According to GB 2760-2014, the foods allowed to use cyclamate and the data of cyclamate in the food sampling of Sichuan province in 2015-2017, combined with the food consumption data of primary and middle school students in Chengdu, the dietary exposure of cyclamate to the target population was carried out by simple distribution model method. The amount was estimated and compared to the acceptable daily intake（ADI） values established by the EU Scientific Committee on Food（SCF）. Results When the average cyclamate content was used for individual assessment, the maximum individual exposure was 4.62 mg/kg·bw, which was lower than the ADI value（7 mg/kg·bw） established by SCF, and the proportion of individuals exceeding ADI using cyclamate content P97.5 was 9.9%. The average cyclamate content and P90 evaluation of the survey population were lower than the ADI value, and the P97.5 content exposure value accounted for 243.6% of the ADI. When exposed to high levels of cyclamate P97.5, the exposure of primary school students was higher than that of middle school students. In the case of high exposure level of P97.5, male exposure was higher than female exposure. The food with the highest contribution rate of cyclamate exposure was 27.98% of cooked nuts and seeds. Conclusion In daily life, parents or students should pay more attention to scientific diet and avoid the health risks caused by partial eclipse.