国内外环境噪声监测方法比较及启示

Comparison of Domestic and Overseas Environmental Noise Monitoring Methods and Its Enlightenment to China

综合比较了中国、日本、欧盟、美国和澳大利亚等国家或地区的环境噪声监测与评价方法,分析了声环境质量监测法、噪声地图预测法和噪声源监测法3种环境噪声评估方法的优缺点,认为声环境质量监测法适合现阶段中国环境噪声监测与管理需求,但下一步应结合噪声产生与传播预测方法改进中国声环境监测评价方法,增强对监测过程的质控,增加重点噪声源监测,以期更全面地反映城市声环境质量状况。

This paper makes general comparison of the environmental noise monitoring and evaluation methods in China,Japan,Europe,the United States and Australia,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the sound environmental quality monitoring method,noise mapping method and environmental noise sources monitoring method. It is considered that sound environmental quality monitoring method accords with the environmental noise monitoring and management requirements in current China. However,some improvements are raised,such as improving the monitoring and evaluation methods by combining with noise generation and propagation prediction methods,enhancing the quality control of monitoring process,adding key noise sources monitoring,to make the sound environmental quality evaluation more comprehensive.