定西市2014年-2017年手足口病病原监测结果分析

Pathogen surveillance analysis of hand,foot and mouth disease in Dingxi from 2014 to 2017

目的通过对定西市2014年-2017年手足口病病原构成的分析,掌握本市手足口病的病原特征及流行趋势,为本市手足口病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)方法对2014年-2017年采集的689份咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒通用型(EV-U)、Cox A 16型、EV 71型病毒核酸检测。结果 689份咽拭子标本中,肠道病毒通用型424份,总阳性率为61.54%,其中Cox A16型130份,占30.66%;EV71型106份,占25.00%;未分型肠道病毒188份,占44.34%。阳性标本主要集中在1岁~4岁年龄组,占总阳性的72.88%。不同性别、不同年龄、不同职业样本检测结果分布差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为8.94、32.09、23.26,P<0.05)。结论 2014年-2017年定西市手足口病病原主要以未分型肠道病毒为主,且具有明显的季节性,6月-7月为高峰期。5岁以下的散居儿童和托幼儿童是感染的主要人群,应加强病原监测以及重点人群预防控制。

Objective Based on the analysis of the pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Dingxi from 2014 to2017,to grasp the pathogenic features and epidemic trends of HFMD in our city,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Real-time PCR was performed on 689 throat swabs collected from 2014 to 2017 for detection of enterovirus,Cox A 16 and EV 71 virus nucleic acid. Results Among 689 throat swab specimens,there were424 cases of common enterovirus cases,with the total positive rate of 61. 54%,including 130 cases of Cox A16（ 30. 66%）; 106 cases of EV71（ 25. 00%） and 188 cases of unclassified enterovirus（ 44. 34%）. Positive specimens were mainly concentrated in the 1-4 age group,accounting for 72. 88% of the positive cases. There were significant differences in the distribution of test results for different genders,ages,and occupations（ χ^2= 8. 94,χ^2= 32. 09,χ^2= 23. 26,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The pathogen of HFMD in Dingxi from 2014 to 2017 was mainly untyped enterovirus,and it had obvious seasonality,with the peak from June to July. Scattered children and young children under 5 years old are the main infection population,so pathogen monitoring and prevention and control of key populations should be strengthened.