岸电建设运营各方成本效益最优化分析及江湖海岸电特性比较

Cost-benefit optimization analysis of participants in shore-side power construction and operation and characteristic comparison among river,lake and ocean shore-side power

船舶在靠港期间采用辅机发电产生的巨大能源消耗和大气污染使得沿海港口的节能减排工作日益紧迫,利用岸电进行电能替代是很好的解决方案。在大量调研收集数据的基础上,从经济学角度研究岸电系统,分析了整套岸电系统的建设、改造、运营成本并构建相应的数学模型,分析使用岸电后电网公司、港口、船舶和政府四方的成本效益并计算最优岸电电价使得四方或其中三方利润最大。利用所构建的模型分析政府补贴率、岸电利用小时数、最优岸电电价与各方利润之间的关系。从最优岸电电价、岸电系统投资额、各方年利润、投资回收期和环境效益的角度,比较了海港岸电、长江岸电、湖泊内河岸电的特点。理清了岸电建设运营中各方的成本、效益关系,为政府、电力公司、港口、船舶的岸电推广提供参考。

The gargantuan energy consumption and air pollution,caused by the power generation of auxiliary engine when the ships are docked in the port, have made the energy conservation and emission reduction of coastal ports in- creasingly urgent, which can be solved well by using the shore-side power for energy replacement. Based on the large quantity of collected data,the shore-side power system is studied from the economic point of view. The construction, reconstruction and operation cost of the whole shore-side power system are analyzed and their corresponding mathe- matical models are established. The cost-benefits of grid companies, ports, ships and the government after using the shore-side power are analyzed and the optimal shore-side electricity price is calculated to make the profit of four par- ticipants or three of them maximum. The relationships between the profit of each parti-cipant and the government subsidy rate, the shore-side power utilization time and the optimal shore-side electricity price are analyzed based on the established models. The characteristics of river, lake and ocean shore-side power are compared from the perspec- tives of the optimal shore-side electricity price, the investment of shore-side power system, the annual profit of each participant, the investment recovery period and the environmental benefit. The relationship between the cost and be- nefit of each participant in the construction and operation rence for the government,grid companies,ports and ships of shore-side power is clarified,which can provide a refe- to promote the shore-side power.