我国汽车产业生产效率影响因素空间异质性研究

汽车产业是整个制造业的标杆,我国汽车产业生产效率的提升,关系到我国由制造大国向制造强国转变。本文利用地理加权回归模型(GWR)实证考察了经济发展、所有制结构、城镇化发展和对外开放等因素对汽车产业生产效率影响的区域空间差异。实证结果表明:(1)外部环境和随机因素会导致我国汽车产业规模效率虚高,进而导致汽车产业整体技术效率也高于自身实际水平,纯技术效率对汽车产业整体效率提升的关键性作用还不明显。(2)对外开放是促进我国汽车产业综合技术效率提高的普遍性因素,政府干预行为会显著阻碍其生产效率的提升。(3)地区经济发展均能促进汽车行业生产效率的提升,而城镇化的发展对汽车产业的拉动作用并不显著,且其对汽车行业生产效率的影响存在明显的个体差异。

Automobile industry is a benchmark for entire manufacturing industry,and improvement of production efficiency of China＇s automobile industry is related to transformation of China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality. This paper uses a geographically weighted regression model （GWR） to empirically examine different space effect of production efficiency in regions that is affected by factors such as economic development, ownership structure, urbanization development and opening up.The results show that： （1） Openness is a common factor that promotes improvement of China＇s automobile efficiency. Government intervention significantly hinders improvement of its production efficiency; （2） Regional economic development can promote production efficiency of automobile industry. However, urbanization does not have a significant effect on automobile industry, and there are significantly individual differences impact on production efficiency of automobile industry.