上海市金山区家庭医生糖尿病健康教育能力调查

Investigation on Diabetes Health Education Ability of Family Doctors in Jinshan District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市金山区家庭医生糖尿病防制知识掌握情况,为提高其糖尿病健康教育能力、开展糖尿病健康教育工作提供理论依据和数据支撑。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对金山区所有在册的家庭医生开展面对面问卷调查。结果调查对象的糖尿病防制知识知晓率为75.07%,不同年龄、工作年限、教育程度医生的糖尿病防治知识知晓率有统计学意义(χ~2=17.394,P<0.01;χ~2=9.953,P<0.05;χ~2=10.755,P<0.05)。随着年龄或工作年限的增长,总体知晓率出现下降的趋势。基本信息、饮食方法、运动方法、自我监测、药物治疗和并发症防治等6个维度知晓率分别为82.82%、66.90%、59.50%、77.09%、89.25%和74.86%。6个维度知晓率之间有统计学差异(χ~2=219.77,P<0.01),基本信息和药物治疗知晓率较高,饮食方法和运动方法知晓率较低。结论金山区家庭医生糖尿病防制知识知晓率处于较好水平,但指导糖尿病患者科学饮食和运动的知识掌握程度较低。下阶段应针对饮食方法和运动方法开展专题培训,提高家庭医生开展糖尿病个性化健康教育的水平和能力。

Objective To understand the knowledge of diabetes prevention and control among family doctors in Jinshan District of Shanghai, so as to provide theoretical basis and data support for improving their ability of diabetes health education and carrying out diabetes health education. Methods Using cluster sampling, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among registered family physicians in Jinshan District. Results The overall awareness rate of diabetes knowledge was 75.07%. The awareness rate of diabetes knowledge among doctors of different ages, years of work and education was statistically significant （χ2=17.394, P〈0.01; χ2=9.953, P〈0.05; χ2=10.755, P〈0.05）. With the increase of age or work life, the overall awareness rate is decreasing. The awareness rates of basic information, diet methods, exercise methods, self monitoring, drug treatment and prevention of complications were 82.82%, 66.90%, 59.50%, 77.09%, 89.25%, 74.86%, respectively. The rate of awareness between the 6 dimensions was statistically different （χ2=219.77, P〈0.01）, and the awareness rate of basic information and drug therapy was higher, and the awareness rate of diet and exercise methods was lower. Conclusion The awareness rate of diabetes prevention and control knowledge of family doctors in Jinshan District is at a good level, but the knowledge of guiding diabetic patients to scientific diet and exercise is relatively low. In the next stage, special training should be carried out on dietary and exercise methods to improve the level and ability of personalized health education for family doctors on diabetes.