诗歌视域下的乾隆南巡探析——以御制南巡诗为中心

A Study of Emperor Qianlong's Southern Inspection Tours form the Perspective of Poetry:Based on the Poems Written by Emperor Qianlong During His Southern Inspection Tours

清代乾隆皇帝六次南巡创作了大量诗篇。御制诗记录了南巡的主要目的和内容:治理河防海塘、考政课吏、周悉民隐、阅武观兵、眺览山川等,涉及巡幸典制和江浙风土文化,谱写了一部南巡诗史。南巡诗的史料价值和文化价值远超其艺术价值,它们是探讨清中期政治、经济、文化及乾隆行迹、思想的宝贵资源。在国家统一的形势下,南巡具有进一步巩固政权的意义,而南巡诗则是乾隆抚临天下、勤政无逸的政治情怀之展示。

Emperor Qianlong created a great number of poems during his six southern inspection tours. These poems record the main purpose and content of his southern tours,such as building river and sea walls,evaluating the officials' performance,learning about ordinary people's livelihood,reviewing the military and travelling to mountains,which involve the system of the emperor's inspection tours and the customs and culture in Jiangsu and Zhejiang,composing an epic on southern inspection tours. The historical value and cultural value of these poems far exceed their artistic value,which could be viewed as valuable resources for exploring the politics,economy,culture and Emperor Qianlong's tracks and thoughts in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. In the situation of national unity,the southern inspection tours have the significance of further consolidating the political power,while these poems show Emperor Qianlong's the political sentiments-caring for everything and devoting himself to his country and people.