语言接触中英汉语素的融合——以类词缀“软”的产生为例

The Fusion of English and Chinese Morphemes in the Language Contact—— Taking the Creation of the Quasi-affix "Ruan" as an Example

根据能产性、定位性、意义半虚化、不成词语素四个特征可以确定"软"已经发展成了一个"类前缀"。在汉英语言接触和翻译的过程中,中文的"软"受到英文的"soft"的影响,语素的意义在逐渐扩大与转移,从而形成"软X"词语模,具有了强大的类词缀的造词的功能。造成这种语言现象的原因是词义的民族性和在语言接触中语素的融合。

＂Ruan＂ has became a quasi-affix in Chinese on the basis of its features of productivity, positioning, semi-grammati-calization of meaning and non-word morpheme. ＂Ruan＂ as an quasi-affix came into being little by little in the process of contact andtranslation of English and Chinese. The morpheme of ＂ Ruan＂ is affected by ＂ soft＂ , and the meaning of ＂ Ruan＂ is enlarged andtransferred. It formed a pattern of terms-＂Ruan X＂ . It has strong functions of word coinage. There are two causes for this phenome-non. The one is the ethnical meaning of terms, and the other is the fusion of morphemes in the language contact.