攀枝花地区无偿献血人群结构调查分析

An Population Structure Analysis of Blood Donation in Panzhihua Region of Sichuan

目的探讨攀枝花地区无偿献血人群结构和分布特征,为制定合理有效的献血者招募策略、壮大无偿献血队伍提供依据。方法收集2010～2016年度在本站成功献血的自愿无偿献血者,共计98 797人次的人群资料进行统计分析。结果无偿献血人群中男性(54.15%)高于女性(45.85%);无论男女均以35～44岁年龄段献血比例最高(男性22.36%,女性18.74%),45～60岁年龄段献血人数比例逐年上升,18～24岁献血人数比例最低;其他职业献血人数比例最高(51.63%),其次分别为工人(18.34%)、农民(11.96%)、学生(5.99%)、职员(4.40%)、医务人员(3.53%)、公务员(2.07%)、教师(1.51%)、军人(0.58%);中学(初中、高中)学历献血者比例最高(47.59%),其次分别为大专(19.87%)、中专(14.09%)、本科(11.88%)、小学(4.71%)、研究生(1.09%);无偿献血人群以汉族为主(94.58%),其他少数民族占5.42%,其中彝族献血比例最高(3.44%)。结论性别、年龄、职业、学历、民族等人群结构特征对无偿献血有影响。就攀枝花地区而言,制定针对18～24岁、女性、公务员、教师、医务工作者、少数民族的招募策略,使这部分人群加入无偿献血队伍,对壮大无偿献血者队伍、推动无偿献血事业的深度发展具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the population structure and its geographical characteristics of blood donors in Panzhihua area so asto provide the basis for formulation of reasonable and effective blood donor recruitment strategy. Method Collect the population of the voluntary blood donors who successful acquisition blood in blood stations from 2010 to 2016,a total of 98 797 donors data for statistical analysis.Result Males（54.15%） dominated when compared with females（45.85%）in the volunteers.The highest ratio of blood donators was seen in miscellaneous population（51.63%）,followed by workers（18.34%）,farmers（11.96%）,students（5.99%）,office clerk（4.40%）,medical staffs（ 3.53%）,public servants（2.07%）,teachers（1.51%）,and soldiers（0.58%）,respectively. The majority of donators came from middle school students（47.59%）,followed by junior college（19.87%）,technical school（14.09%）,university（11.88%）,primary school（4.71%）,and postgraduate school（1.09%）. The most donators were those of Han nationality（94.58%）,followed by other minorities（5.42%） including the Yi nationality（3.44%）.Conclusion Gender,age,occupation,education,and nationality as well greatly impact the constitution of blood donators. More efforts should be made to develop the recruiting strategy for encouraging blood donation in the populations of females,public servants,teachers,medical staffs,and minorities aged from 18 to 24.