超声引导下静脉穿刺在全血采集工作中的应用

Ultrasound Guided Venipuncture in Outdoor Blood Collection

目的探讨超声引导下静脉穿刺在全血采集工作中的应用效果。方法将486例静脉穿刺困难的献血者按入选编号的单双分为对照组和观察组各243例,对照组采用常规静脉穿刺术,观察组采用超声引导下静脉穿刺术,观察比较两组静脉穿刺次数、一次穿刺成功率、献血者疼痛情况及对静脉穿刺的满意度。结果观察组静脉穿刺次数(1.00±0.00)次、一次穿刺成功率100.0%(243/243)、静脉穿刺满意度100.0%(243/243)、疼痛数字评分(1.34±0.62)分,对照组静脉穿刺次数(2.12±1.05)次、一次穿刺成功率5.76%(14/243)、静脉穿刺满意度4.94%(12/243)、疼痛数字评分(6.73±2.07)分。两组静脉穿刺次数、一次穿刺成功率、静脉穿刺满意度、疼痛数字评分比较,分别为t=3.064、χ~2=433.05、χ~2=440.26、t=5.148,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论超声引导下静脉穿刺在全血采集工作中能提高静脉穿刺质量,减轻献血者的疼痛,提高静脉穿刺满意度,值得在无偿献血工作中推广。

Objective To investigate the application of ultrasound-guided venipuncture in outdoor blood collection.Methods A total of 486 blood donors with unsuccessful venipuncture collection were in even or odd divided into control group and observation group. Conventional venipuncturing was used for the control while ultrasound-guided operation for the observation group. The number,success frequency of puncturing,feeling of pain and compliance of the donors to venipuncture were observed. Results The rate of venipuncturing,frequency of success for each puncture,satisfaction and the pain score in observation group were（1.0 0 ± 0.0 0）,1 0 0.0%（2 4 3/2 4 3）,1 0 0.0%（2 4 3/2 4 3）,and（1.3 4 ±0.62）,respectively when compared to（2.12 ± 1.05）,5.76%（14/243）,4.94%（12/243）,and（6.73 ± 2.07）in control group. The all indicators were significantly superior in venous puncturing method to those in the routine method（t = 3.064,χ~2=433.05,χ~2= 440.26,t = 5.148,all P〈0.01）. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided venipuncture may remarkably improve the efficiency of routine venipuncture and reduce the pain of blood donors,which is practical value in outdoor blood collection.