传统甲状腺切除术与小切口甲状腺切除术在甲状腺结节治疗中的优缺点比较

Comparision of advantages and disadvantages of traditional thyroidectomy and small incision thyroidectomy in the treatment of thyroid nodules

目的对比研究传统甲状腺切除术与小切口甲状腺切除术在甲状腺结节治疗中的优缺点。方法将105例甲状腺结节患者随机分为对照组(52例)和观察组(53例),对照组接受传统甲状腺切除术,观察组接受小切口甲状腺切除术。对比分析两组患者的手术相关指标、术后6个月的生活质量、并发症及复发情况。结果观察组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、术后引流量及住院时间均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6个月生活质量评价指标中,观察组患者精力、精神活动功能和总体健康显著优于对照组(P<0.05);其余5项指标两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后6个月均恢复较好,观察组患者的并发症总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的复发率均较低,且无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论小切口甲状腺切除术的手术时间及住院时间明显缩短,并发症明显减少,患者术后生活质量高,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To compare and study the advantages and disadvantages of traditional thyroidectomy and small incision thyroidectomy in the treatment of thyroid nodules. Methods A total of 105 patients with thyroid nodules were randomly divided into control group（52 cases） and observation group（53 cases）. The control group received traditional thyroidectomy, and the observation group received small incision thyroidectomy. The related surgical indicators, quality of life at 6 months after surgery, complications and recurrences were compared between the two groups. Results The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, postoperative drainage volume and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. Among the evaluation indicators of quality of life at 6 months after surgery, the energy, mental activity function and overall health scores of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group（P〈0.05）; the other 5 indicators had no significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.05）. Both groups recovered well at 6 months after surgery. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. The recurrence rates were lower in both groups, with no significant difference（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The operative time and hospital stay of the small incision thyroidectomy obviously shorten, the complications obviously reduce, and the postoperative quality of life is higher. It is worthy of clinical application.