经口气管插管患者行口腔冲洗和口腔擦拭两种口腔护理方法的效果

Effect of two oral nursing methods of oral rinsing and oral wiping for patients undergoing orotracheal intubation

目的探讨经口气管插管患者行口腔冲洗和口腔擦拭两种口腔护理方法的效果。方法将2014年2月至2017年2月我院收治的90例经口气管插管患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组行口腔擦拭护理,观察组行口腔冲洗护理,比较两组的护理效果。结果在护理后1、3 h,观察组患者的口咽部细菌定植菌落数明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的口腔溃疡、口臭和口腔出血的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在对经口气管插管患者行口腔护理时,口腔冲洗和口腔擦拭护理都能够发挥出较好的作用,但口腔冲洗护理能够有效地降低患者的口腔溃疡、口臭和口腔出血率,减少患者的口咽部细菌定植菌落数,对于提高患者的治疗效果意义重大。

Objective To investigate the effect of two oral nursing methods of oral rinsing and oral wiping for patients undergoing orotracheal intubation. Methods A total of 90 patients undergoing orotracheal intubation in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given oral wiping nursing, and the observation group was given oral rinsing nursing. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared. Results After nursing 1 and 3 h, the colony numbers of oropharyngeal bacteria in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The incidences of oral ulcer, halitosis and oral hemorrhage in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia between the two groups had no statistically difference（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion In oral nursing for patients with orotracheal intubation, oral rinsing and oral wiping nursing can play a better role. But oral rinsing nursing can effectively decrease the incidence of oral ulcer, halitosis and oral hemorrhage, reduce the colony number of oropharyngeal bacteria, which has great significance to improve the treatment effect for patients.