猪细环病毒研究进展

Research progress of Torque teno sus viruses

新发现的指环病毒科包含了感染人类和其他动物的细环病毒。其中在家猪和野猪中感染的细环病毒被称之为猪细环病毒(Torque teno sus viruses,TTSu V),该病毒是一种在猪群中普遍存在的单股环状DNA病毒。到目前为止,猪主要感染的是两种不同基因型的TTSu V。该病毒传播方式主要是垂直传播和水平传播,仔猪感染的病毒数可随着生长日龄的增加而增多。到目前为止,仍然缺乏对TTSu V的免疫学研究,但机体似乎不会产生有效的免疫反应限制病毒血症,这使得该病毒受到更多的关注。细环病毒长期以来一直被人们忽视,甚至被认为是非致病病毒。但是,现在越来越多的证据表明,细环病毒和猪圆环病毒之间存在的某种联系,该病毒不仅影响一些疾病的发展,甚至还影响他们的结果。

The newly established family Anelloviridae includes a number of viruses infecting humans（Torque teno viruses） and other animal species. The ones infecting domestic swine and wild boar are nowadays named Torque teno sus viruses（TTSu V）, which are small circular singlestranded DNA viruses highly prevalent in the pig population. So far, two genetically distinct TTSu V species are infecting swine. Both TTSu Vs appear to efficiently spread by vertical and horizontal transmission routes; in fact, foetuses may be infected and the prevalence and viral loads increase by age of the animals. Detailed immunological studies on TTSu Vs are still lacking, but it seems that there are no efficient immunological responses limiting viraemia. These viruses are currently receiving more attention due to the latest results on disease association. Torque teno sus viruses have been circulating unnoticed in pigs for a long time, and even considered non-pathogenic by themselves; there is increasing evidence that points to influence the development of some diseases or even affect their outcome. Such link has been mainly established with porcine circovirus diseases.