沙尘对装甲车辆散热器散热性能影响研究

Study on the Influence of Sand Dust on Heat Dissipation Performance of Armored Vehicle Radiator

针对沙尘环境对装甲车辆散热器性能影响较大的问题,搭建了沙尘环境下散热器散热性能试验台,基于正交试验设计法,设计了台架试验方案并进行了性能试验,获取了边界条件.建立了散热器几何参数模型,基于Fluent数值仿真软件,采用离散相模型和相间耦合的SIMPLEC算法,对散热器气侧和水侧流场进行三维数值仿真计算,通过对比实验数据,验证了模型的准确性.基于仿真模型,研究了沙尘颗粒运动轨迹,分析了沙尘影响散热的机理,同时深入研究了不同影响因素(气流速度、沙尘粒径、沙尘浓度)与换热之间的关系,结果表明:随着气体流速和沙尘浓度的增大气侧换热系数增加,而随着沙尘粒径增大气侧换热系数减小.

In order to calculate the influence of different dust conditions on the heat dissipation performance of armored vehicle radiator, a test bench is built and a heat dissipation performance test is carried out based on the orthogonal experiment design method. Then the computational domain physical model of the radiator is built according to the geometric parameters, and the thine-dimensional numerical simulation of the gas and water flow field of a radiator is carried out （based on discrete phase model as well as the SIMPLE scheme for coupling reciprocity between the two phases） by Fluent. The simulation is verified by comparing to the test data. Influence mechanism of sand on heat dissipation performance is analyzed according to the sand movement track which is acquired by the simulation model, and the relation between the air velocities, dust particle size, dust concentration and heat dissipation are analyzed. The conclusion is that the heat transfer coefficient will increase with the rising of the dust particle size.