“向死而爱”:普拉斯爱情诗的解构主义特征与死亡意识

“Love towards death”:deconstructionism and death consciousness in Sylvia Plath's love poetry

美国自白派女诗人普拉斯从复杂的象征体系与死亡审美的交汇场域形塑了一种高度个人化的爱情编码方式。其爱情诗一方面暗扣了弗洛伊德的生死本能理论,指涉出爱情与死亡的互渗关系,另一方面又内化了解构主义思想,通过一系列多元性的爱情隐喻的能指重新定位两性关系,从诗歌文本内部发动反男权、反压迫的"政变",进而生成了一个延异、多义、爱与死交错杂糅的"诡爱空间"。通过剖析普拉斯爱情诗中表露出的消解男性霸权、生死对立等一系列的解构主义文本特征,可以进一步揭示普拉斯诗歌蕴含的诗学意义、审美取向和内在价值。

American confessional poetess Sylvia Plath shapes a highly personalized coding strategy for her love prose in the intersectional space of symbol system and death aesthetics. Her love poems allude to Freud’s theories on life and death instincts, referencing the interfusion of love and death, while also having internalized deconstructionism, as these poems rebel against male control and redefine gender relation through a series of metaphorical references, resulting in a differential and polysemic “ cryptic love space”that interweaves love and death. Through an analysis of the deconstructive poetic features such as de-authorizing male hegemony and destabilizing life-and-death antithesis in Plath’s love poetry, we can further reveal the poetics significance, aesthetics, and intrinsic value embedded in her work.